A dream is a succession of images , id Essays - Neuroscience

A dream is a succession of images , ideas , emotions , and sensations that usually occur involuntarily in the mind during certain stages of sleep . [1] The content and purpose of dreams are not fully understood, though they have been a topic of scientific speculation, as well as a subject of philosophical and religious interest, throughout recorded history . Dream interpretation is the attempt at drawing meaning from dreams and searching for an underlying message. The scientific study of dreams is called HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oneirology" \o "Oneirology" oneirology . [2] Dreams mainly occur in the HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/REM_sleep" \o "REM sleep" rapid-eye movement (REM) stage of sleep when brain activity is high and resembles that of being awake. REM sleep is revealed by continuous movements of the eyes during sleep. At times, dreams may occur during other stages of sleep . However, these dreams tend to be much less vivid or memorable. [3] The length of a dream can vary; they may last for a few seconds, or approximately 20-30 minutes. [3] People are more likely to remember the dream if they are awakened during the REM phase. The average person has three to five dreams per night, and some may have up to seven ; HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dream" \l "cite_note-4" [4] however, most dreams are immediately or quickly forgotten. [5] Dreams tend to last longer as the night progresses. During a full eight-hour night sleep, most dreams occur in the typica l two hours of REM. [6] Opinions about the meaning of dreams have varied and shifted through time and culture. Most people today appear to endorse the Freudian theory of dreams [ citation needed ] - that dreams reveal insight into hidden desires and emotions. Other prominent theories include those suggesting that dreams assist in memory formation, problem solving, or simply are a product of random brain activation. [7] The earliest recorded dreams were acquired from materials dating back approximately 5000 years, in Mesopotamia , where they were documented on clay tablets . In the Greek and Roman periods, the people believed that dreams were direct messages from one and/or multiple deities , from deceased persons, and that they predicted the future . Some cultures practiced dream incubation with the intention of cultivating dreams that are of prophecy . [8] Sigmund Freud , who developed the psychological discipline of psychoanalysis , wrote extensively about dream theories and their interpretations in the early 1900s. [9] He explained dreams as manifestations of one's deepest desires and anxieties, often relating to repressed childhood memories or obsessions. Furthermore, he believed that virtually every dream topic, regardless of its content, represented the release of sexual tension. [10] In The Interpretation of Dreams (1899), Freud developed a psychological technique to interpret dreams and devised a series of guidelines to understand the symbols and motifs that appear in our dreams. In modern times, dreams have been seen as a connection to the unconscious mind . They range from normal and ordinary to overly surreal and bizarre. Dreams can have varying natures, such as being frightening , exciting, magical , melancholic , adventurous, or sexual . The events in dreams are generally outside the control of the dreamer, with the exception of lucid dreaming , where the dreamer is self-aware . [11] Dreams can at times make a creative thought occur to the person or give a sense of inspiration . [12]

How Does Reedsy Select its Publishing Professionals

How Does Reedsy Select its Publishing Professionals How Does Reedsy Select its Publishing Professionals? "How do you select the editors and designers featured on your marketplace?" This is one of the questions we get most often at Reedsy, probably because we can’t help bragging (loudly and often) about the quality of our publishing professionals.The curation of our marketplace is what makes us a truly incomparable player in the industry. Over 15,000 publishing professionals (editors, designers, illustrators, publicists, marketers and translators) have applied to be featured on our site. Currently, only 1,100 have been accepted.Reviewing thousands of profilesSo how do people apply, exactly? It's pretty simple: professionals only need to sign up through our landing page and indicate during the onboarding process that they want to register as "professionals". Once signed up, we prompt them to fill in a Reedsy profile - a page that compiles all their professional information, from work experience to portfolio items to work philosophy.These profiles are public, which means Reedsy pro fessionals can use them as websites or landing pages for all professional activity. More importantly, profiles form the core of our quality control process.First, we make sure professionals who are serious about being listed on Reedsy complete their profile as exhaustively as possible. Our curation team reviews all new, fully finished profiles once a week, at which point they separate the ones who merit inclusion on our marketplace from the rest. If you visit our service pages, you will see a few examples of professionals who have been accepted, and will be able to click through to their public profiles.Our selection criteriaSo how do we determine who to activate? Naturally, the decision is ultimately somewhat subjective as it is made by actual people (not algorithms), but our curation team uses a list of tangible criteria to keep the decision as objective as possible. Here are a few criteria all our professionals meet:be a full-time professional in the field you are applying for (e diting, design, publicity, translation, marketing, ghostwriting)demonstrate experience on at least 10 published books that are well-reviewed on Amazon Goodreadshave experience in every "genre" listed in the profilehave 5+ years experience in your professionThe Reedsy marketplace is competitive, which means professionals meeting all the above criteria are not automatically accepted. These are "minimum criteria" that need to be supplemented with one or more of the following:significant experience working at a renowned traditional publishing companysignificant experience working as a freelance contractor for a renowned traditional publishing companyhistory of high-quality work with a bestselling author, or on a bestselling bookreceipt of a distinguished award in your fieldSome of our editors have worked on books by authors such as Ken Follett, Isabel Allende, George R.R. Martin, Hugh Howey or J.K. Rowling. Because of this, we tend to become more and more selective as our marketplace k eeps growing, and our current acceptance rate is at 1%. That said, we're always on the lookout for more professionals who meet our criteria.Naturally, we do our best to ensure that all information entered by the professionals on their profiles is accurate, and will often verify our professionals' portfolios by searching books' "acknowledgements" sections for mentions of their editors and cover artists.A constant quality controlSo, once I’m in, I’m in forever? Well, not quite. Our curation work doesn’t stop once the professional has been accepted based on the information provided in their profile. We closely monitor our professionals’ work through Reedsy and regularly survey our authors at the end of their collaborations.On rare occasions, we've had to â€Å"deactivate† one of our professionals because of unprofessional behavior, but we have not hesitated to do so - nor will we in the future. Reedsy acts as a third-party guarantor for authors in th eir collaborations on the platform, so it is our duty to keep monitoring our professionals’ work on the marketplace.Our team also keeps an eye on the marketplace to ensure we have sufficient professionals listed and available in each genre. It is by successfully juggling supply and demand that we have been able to build a safe haven for authors and professionals alike - and that’s what Reedsy is all about.

Globalisation and Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Globalisation and Crime - Essay Example This essay discusses that increased globalization has had influence on analytic approach that is given to the modern societal systems. The socio-economic and political effects of globalization constitute a topic for debate among scholars and analysts in the past couples of decades. Some analysts have pointed out that globalization does not promote the different aspects of development but rather contributes much to the current social, economic and political issues witnessed across the globe. In the article Trade liberalization did not develop the West, Alemiga points out that the current developed nations did not apply the policies of liberalized trade to come to their current state. Liberalized trade is a contributor to globalization as it is characterized by relaxed national protectionism and political realism concerning a country’s economy. In order to industrialize, these nations applied trade nationalism with protectionism and political realism, the trade across borders be ing subjected to heavy tariffs and other strict regulations. The countries were in war for world title and the weaker nations could be used anyhow by the stronger powers. The countries have since advocated for globalization after attaining some economic stability. The author points out several negative consequences that follow globalization that is in line with the observations of Aas. Aas observes that the lives and behaviours of individuals in the contemporary society are influenced a great deal by other individuals and social systems that are not within there local context. Improved communication mechanisms, liberalized trade, and movement of capital are among the key factors that have led to increased globalization (Imade, 2003; Aas, 2007, p.6). Individuals can watch and follow events that are going on in different parts of the world on their local context. As such, there is transfer of the cultural images, information, or ideas that would drive one into visiting these far-reach ing places. Consequently, one is prompted to adjust his/her social life to conform to the social life observed in other parts of the world that they believe to be conventional. Several issues arise with globalization that develops into crime. It is observed that even though the globalization process is inevitable, not every individual has the freedom to traverse various countries, save for the western societies (Aas, 2007, p.12). Globalization has not benefited every country or region equally (Imade, 2003). In a similar perspective, Alemiga (2012) reports that trade liberalization and subsequent globalization have contributed to social problems like food insecurity, violence, inflation, poverty, diseases and high rates of unemployment. It has also led to vicious practices like child trafficking, sex trafficking, violent crimes, and drug trafficking that are especially pronounced in the liberal societies like the United Kingdom and the US (Alemiga, 2012). The article focuses on globa l issues and succeeds in asserting that even though globalization is inevitable, it has remarkable drawbacks. Scotland is on the verge of seeking sovereignty and the policies that advocate for self-reliance are applicable to her. 2. Media representation of migration/immigration issues Immigration involves the movement of people from a different country into another country. Several reasons may force an individual to move from his or her country to reside permanently or temporarily in another country. Theorists and scholars with various views on immigration do agree that the recent wave of immigration that has been recorded and the perceived consequences makes it one of the most controversial issues in the current society (Martinez & Lee, 2000, p.487). Debate has erupted that immigration often brings negative